Relevance. Heterogeneity of previous findings on the associations between nutritional factors and oral health warrants studies in different regions and age-groups. Aim. To assess the prevalence of dietary factors selected by the WHO influencing oral health as well as to estimate associations between these factors and the prevalence and experience of periodontal inflammatory diseases (PID) among 15-year-old adolescents in Arkhangelsk region. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in 7 urban and 5 rural settings selected at random. Altogether, 1172 15-year-old adolescents were examined using standard WHO methodology and a questionnaire. Prevalence and experience of PID was presented with 95% confidence intervals (Cl). Categorical variables were analyzed using Pearson's chi-squared tests. Associations between dietary factors and the average number of affected sextants were studied using Poisson regression. Dichotomous outcomes were studied using multiple Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Results. Positive associations were observed between the frequency of consumptions of soft drinks (p = 0.009) and tea / coffee with milk and the number of affected sextants (p = 0.037). This number was 32% lower among those who consumed chewing gum daily or more often compared to the reference group. The prevalence of calculus was 22% lower among those who chewed gum at least daily compared to those who did so once a week or less often. Associations between the number of affected sextants and the frequency of chewing gum consumption (p = 0.020) and fresh fruits (p < 0.00!) were also found. Conclusions. More frequent consumption of chewing gum was associated with lower prevalence of bleeding and lower average number of affected sextants among adolescents. At the same time more frequent consumption of soft drinks was associated with greater average number of sextants with bleeding. Higher consumption of fresh fruits and chewing gum was associated with lower prevalence of PID and lower average number of sextants with calculus.

Relevance. The prevalence of anomalies of the dentition in preschool children of the Omsk region reaches very significant values. Aim. The purpose of the study is to study the prevalence and structure of dentition anomalies in children of preschool age in the city of Tara, Omsk Region and in the city of Omsk. Materials and methods. In 140 children 4-7 years old living in the territory of the Omsk region, namely in the city of Tara and in the city of Omsk, the prevalence of dental anomalies was studied. Results. Studied the prevalence and structure of the dental anomalies. The initial signs of the formation of dentition are revealed. Conclusions: the most important measure of prevention of dental anomalies is the early detection of both predictors and already formed dental anomalies and deformities.

Relevance. Congenital orofacial clefts are the pathologies of the maxillofacial region with one of the most severe consequences. Patients with clefts deteriorate the quality of life. The report contains data about the relevance of rehabilitation of children with cleft lip and palate in the Samara region. Aim. To develop a questionnaire which will help to investigate the influence of cooperation of patients with congenital clefts, their parents and the orthodontist on the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods. We interviewed 119 parents of patients aged from 3 to 17 years with clefts palate and lips, who are registered at the Samara regional center and participating in individual rehabilitation programs using an anonymous questionnaire. Results. 68% of surveyed parents indicated the presence of disability in children with congenital clefts palate and lip, 6% noted its absence. 66 (55%) parents noted maxillofacial anomaly as the main anomaly, which indicates their interest in orthodontic treatment. 55% of parents knew about their children's maxillofacial anomalies. 66.6% of them believe that parents should stimulate their children to treat the maxillofacial pathology in early childhood. Among the possible causes of the anomaly occurrence include smoking (6.4%), alcohol (3.2%), environmental effects, including occupational hazards (23.8%). The impact of psychological trauma was noted by 3.2% of mothers. The lack of a balanced diet before and during pregnancy included 8% of the respondents. Conclusions. The paper presents data about the increasing relevance of rehabilitation of children with cleft lip and palate. We have developed a questionnaire, which allows evaluating the influence of the factor of cooperation on the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures. A contradiction between the commitment to complete the rehabilitation process as soon as possible and the desire to take advantage of benefits offered by the state to patients' families has been revealed.

Relevance. The treatment and prevention of chronic generalized marginal periodontitis (CGMP) are most effective in adolescence. This stage is characterized by a «surge» of metabolic processes, a peak in the growth of bone mass, an increase in the incidence of pathology of the musculoskeletal system. Scientific evidence on the influence of the pathology of the supporting skeleton on the maxillofacial region allows us to consider dorsopathies and orofacial disorders as comorbid conditions. Aim. The increasing of the effectiveness of treatment and prophylactic measures of CGMP in adolescents with scoliosis. Materials and methods. A dental examination of 72 adolescents of 15-16 years old with a diagnosis of mild CGMP was conducted. Ultrasound osteodensitometry was performed. Determined: ultrasound propagation velocity (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), bone tissue strength index (STF). The observation groups were formed - comparisons (GC) and main (MG), in which CGMP was treated in according to the generally accepted scheme. An antihomotoxic drug Osteobios (Guna, Italy) was additionally prescribed in the MG. The control group (CG) consisted of healthy peers. Results. In adolescents CGMP on the background of scoliosis before treatment, a decrease in all parameters of densitometry was observed (p<0,001). After treatment of CGMP, the process of bone remodeling proceeded positively on the background of receiving of «Osteobios». Revealed an increase of STF in comparison with the GC at 2,77%. The indicator BUA approached to the boundary value of the CG, which indicated a tendency of the increasing in bone mineral density. SOS changes were minor. Considering SOS in relation to the positive dynamics of BUA values, it is possible to assume that when receiving «Osteobios», the trabecular architectonics of bone tissue in a short time has time to undergo changes, expressed in "+". Conclusions. In adolescents suffering from scoliosis, the development of mild CGMP is characterized by structural and functional disorders of bone tissue. Receiving of "Osteobios" reception contributes to the positive dynamics of osteodensitometry indicators in the near term of observation. The inclusion in scheme of treatment CGMP in adolescence, suffering from scoliosis, "Osteobios" allows the adjustment of the structural and functional state of the bone tissue. In order to objectively assess of the effectiveness of the use of «Osteobios», it is actually to study the densitometry indicators in depending on the degree of spinal curvature. It is necessary to analyze the densitometry indicators in the long-term follow-up.

Relevance. At the stages of treatment of children with dental-maxillary anomalies, the scientific and practical importance is provided by refined data on craniological features, the knowledge of which makes it possible to significantly facilitate the determination of the head shape and constitutional face types during the replaceable bite, as well as their correlations with odontometric values and morphometric parameters of dental arches. Aim. The development and justification of clinical and diagnostic approaches to the treatment of dental anomalies in children during the early interchangeable bite according to the results of morphometric studies of the teeth, dental arches and maxillofacial area. Materials and methods. Parameters of the cerebral, facial parts of the head of 9! children with cutting out first molars and incisors of the upper and lower jaw were investigated. The facial indices are calculated by Garson, G. Izard. When analyzing teletragenograms, the method of A.M. Schwarz modified by V.N. Trezubov and Di Paolo. Odontometry conducted by the method of A.A. Zubov, kefalometriya - taking into account the recommendations ofV.S. Speransky. Results. The morphometry of the maxillofacial region of children in the early interchangeable bite indicates the absence of a statistically significant difference between boys and girls. The average indices of the cranial index in boys are 79.7, in girls - 78.4, which corresponds to mesocephaly. In children in the early interchangeable occlusion, the clinical types of the face do not correspond to the morphological, but are determined by the ratio of odontometric values to the parameters of the maxillofacial area. The dimensional characteristics of the dental arches are set by dynamically changing indicators of the craniofacial complex, and do not correlate with the odontometric dimensions. Conclusions. In connection with the incompleteness of the growth of the cerebral, facial parts of the skull in children in the early interchangeable bite, it's not the traditional methods, but the morphometric parameters of the face that have diagnostic significance in determining the shape and size of the dental arches.

Relevance. So far, little information is largest angle inklinacii medial cutters received from people with different types of facial and dental arches. Aim. Defining features of the tongue medial values of both jaws incisor with different gnathic and facial types dental cone beam analysis computer tomograms. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at 146 people with physiological occlusion. Patients were divided into 9 groups, depending on the type of gnathic dental arches (meso-, brachi- and dolihognathic) and dental index (normal, macro and micro dental). Gnathic type of person was determined by morphometric parameters, namely face diagonals between the points tragion and subnasale (t-sn). Face width measured between the points of tragion (t-t). Results. In a study of patients with 9 forms dental arches allocated 3 main options of slope of incisors, appropriate generally accepted in orthodontics tongue values: standard, high and low. Found that the mean values of the upper incisors medial tongue accounted for 12.36 ± 2.23 degrees. At high values of the numeric values increased to 24.29 ±2.18 degrees, and at low-declined to 5. 73 ± 2. 25 degrees. When this shows the magnitude of the angle between the incisors and torka lower incisors. Conclusion. The data obtained maybe used when selecting the constructional features of bracket systems used to treat people with different types of facial and dental occlusion anomalies systems. In addition, these data can be useful in the treatment of artificial teeth and dental implants when choosing a prosthetic designs.

Aim. It was to assess microleakage in primary molars restored with fillings and stainless steel preformed pediatric crowns (SSCs) after simulating pulpotomy in vitro. Materials and methods. The study comprised 6! extracted in 5-10 years old children primary molars which were randomly divided into four groups: after pulpotomy simulation the teeth were restored with compomer fillings (n = 16), composite resins (n = 12) or SSCs with cavities filled by GIC (n = 17) or compomer (n = 14). Two teeth with sound enamel were used as controls. After thermocycling, the specimens were placed in 0.5% fuchsin and sectioned, the proportions of microleakage were evaluated with a digital microscope for microleakages. Results. The rate and degree of microleakages was significantly higher in fillings than in SSCs (p< 0.0001). Perfect marginal seal demonstrated 50% of SSCs and only 21.2% of fillings, while the rate of extensive leakage was 5 times higher in fillings (54.6% vs 11.5% in SSCs). Composite resin showed the highest rate of microleakage (75% of fillings had more than 50% staining of contact with dental hard tissues). ANOVA revealed as leading factors for microleakages restoration with fillings (p = 0.00008), cavity extension and technical pitfalls (p = 0.03). Conclusion. Composite resins demonstrated very high rate of microleakages and SSCs should be a material of choice for restoration of primary teeth after pulpotomy.

Relevance. The tendency to increase the intensity of dental caries and its complications in deciduous teeth is noted by many native authors.As a result, the problem of caries and its complications treatment is relevant. Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the immediate and long-term treatmentoutcome of chronic forms of pulpitis in primary molars. Materials and methods. In the treatment of primary molars, we used methods of vital pulpotomy with the following drugs: «Pulpotec» (PD), «Biodentine» (Septodont), «Zinc oxide eugenol paste» (Omegadent) and vital pulpectomy with the drugs «Metapex»(METABiomed), «Zinc oxide eugenol paste» (Omegadent).All patients were under dispensary observationafter treatment. Results. As a result of the treatment of 289 teeth, 3.3% of complications were detected. The complications occurred in 4% of cases when we used the Pulpotec (PD), in 1.3%-Biodentine (Septodont), and wasn't in-dentified when we employed «Zinc oxide eugenol paste» (Omegadent).When we used «Metapex» (META Biomed) complications were detected in 11.5% of cases, «Zinc oxide eugenol paste» (Omegadent) -6.7%.Complications in teeth with carious cavities in class I on Black were detected in 23.8 % of cases, in class II- 76.2%. Medicines Biodentine (Septodont) and «Zinc oxide eugenol paste» (Omegadent) showed favorable results. The results of treatment of primary molars, which have completed the formation, by Pulpotec (PD) were clinically and radiologically favorable, but the use of Pulpotec (PD) in deciduous unformed molars was not effective enough.The method of vital pulpectomy with the drug «Zinc oxide eugenol paste» (Omegadent) showed a better long-term result than with «Metapex» (METABiomed).As a result of the study, it was found that the localization of the carious cavity also affects the outcome of treatment. Conclusions. Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that additional methods of diagnosis: dental volumetric computed tomography, electroodontodiagnosis, microbiological study of the tooth pulp, carried out before the treatment can affect the choice of treatment and its prognosis.

Relevance. Ectodermal dysplasia is referred to hereditary monogenic diseases with a high frequency of occurrence (from 1:10000 to 1:100000). For today the diversity of symptoms of ectodermal dysplasia is actively discussed, while clinical observations of such patients expand the theoretical and practical knowledge of doctors of various specialties in hereditary pathology in dentistry. This nosology has a very bright symptoms and requires a comprehensive approach to treatment, with the participation of both general practitioners and dentists. Aim. Determination of the main oriental manifestations of ectodermal dysplasia in children, stages and methods of their treatment. Materials and methods. A comprehensive examination of a 12-year-old patient was carried out with a diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia, with the definition of its dental status, stages and methods treatment. All clinical activities were conducted in Kazan clinic GAUZ DSP No5. Results. Presented a clinical case of a patient with ectodermal dysplasia, demonstrating the stages and results of a comprehensive dental treatment. Conclusions. The treatment of patients with ectodermal dysplasia requires a comprehensive approach, depending on the timely correct diagnosis, planning of complex treatment, its implementation and the motivation of the patient himself.

A selection of the composite restoration material is based on the knowledge of its characteristics, properties and advantages. The article describes the clinical case of the dual-shade restoration of V class cavity of the teenager's girl upper jaw lateral incisor with Filtek Ultimate. A detailed description of the restoration's protocol supported with photo registration of every stage gives an opportunity to get an idea about the main factors of achieving a successful result working with young permanent teeth.

Relevance. Nowdays noninvasive caries treatment is one of most discussable approach in pediatric dentistry. The possibility to arrest white spot caries lesions is a way to realize minimal intervention concept. The terms of indication for remineralization therapy have some differences between countries and in this article we present the comparison of different approach and protocols. Aim. It was to analyze key points of increasing the efficiency of Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate to remineralize enamel white spot lesions. Materials and method. The seach strategy using Pubmed as performed in order to capture all published studies to related remineralisation white spot caries lesion. In addition to the above searches the terms «СРР АСР» and «casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate» were searched. The Russian language literature were searching by e-library web site and printing versions of textbooks. Result of analysis shows that non-invasive caries treatment is very actual in pediatric dentistry, and the number of research works is increased last 5 years. But the Russian language literature shows the different approach in diagnostic criteria for remineralization treatment, and it can cause a difficulties to promote the actual approaches to pediatric dentists. Conclusions. The universal solution for reminaral-ization treatment is no exist, the searching results shows key points for individual schedule and timing of rem in era Iiza tion.

Relevance. An important task of modern medicine is the implementation of an effective prevention program for major dental diseases, especially in children. Rational oral hygiene is the leading link in the prevention of dental caries. Parents, teachers and dentists themselves should be actively involved in shaping the hygienic skills of children undergoing orthodontic treatment. Aim. To improve the hygienic status of the oral cavity in children from 6 to 12 years old, undergoing orthodontic treatment on removable myofunctional devices. Materials and methods. The study included 42 children residing in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region undergoing orthodontic treatment using standard myofunctional devices. A comparative assessment of the health status of oral organs and tissues was carried out. Supervision over children was carried out within 3 months. Upon completion of the rehabilitation of the oral cavity, the patients were divided into 4 groups. Children of the three groups who were given one of the three types of R.O.C.S. toothpaste. Junior, chosen by them independently, improved indicators of oral hygiene indices after three months. The indicators of oral hygiene indices of the group of children, who had not been given the toothpaste, improved less, than the others' indicators.Results. The indicators of oral hygiene indices of children of the first group improved less, than the children's of the other three groups. Conclusions. The use of toothpastes R.O.C.S. Junior significantly improves the hygienic condition of the oral cavity in children aged 6-12 years, regardless of the type of this paste.