The good cumulation in a dental plaque of the mineral components arriving after action of neutral and alkalescent toothpastes and hard tissues of tooth, necessary for exchange processes, promotes their best penetration at enamel tunnels, enamel hydroxyapatite crystals in the field of enamel and dentinal border and to the surface layers of a dentine. When studying effectiveness of application of toothpastes with fluorine and without fluorine during the different age periods it was revealed that the greatest positive impact on a structurally functional cariesresistance of teeth enamel is exerted by pastes on the basis of mineral components and enzyme of a bromelain in age group of 19-45 years and pastes with aminofluoride in age group of 4-7 years.

The article is devoted to the study of the factors of nonspecific protection of the oral cavity - the level of modified albumin and activity of lysozyme in the oral fluid of prepubertal children with inflammatory periodontal disease. A clinical examination, 43 children of age 8-11 years of age with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. The children were divided into 3 groups. The main group (n = 21) were administered the application of a mixture of essential oils of mint, pine, fennel and eucalyptus in combination with bentonite clay. The comparison group (n = 22) underwent baseline treatment. The control group consisted of 24 children with clinically healthy periodontal tissues. The proposed treatment has a pronounced therapeutic effect and a long stabilization process through the activation of protective mechanisms of the oral cavity.

Purposeful, planned, comprehensive work of a dentist with a psychologist, informed and interested in the inclusion process of parents is the most important aspect of improving the results of psychological adaptation of the child to visit the dentist and develop adaptive internal picture of the disease. The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between dentofacial abnormalities and psychological problems in children with cerebral paralysis and their possible correction for the formation of a positive attitude towards dental treatment. Identified the relationship between dentofacial abnormalities and psychological indicators such as willful violations (r = 0, 31; p = 0,02) and adjustment disorders (r = 0.41; p = 0,002). As a result of psychological correction decreased aggressiveness and fear, formed a positive attitude towards dental treatment in children with cerebral paralysis. The work of a dentist with this category of children is based on a multidisciplinary approach with active involvement in the rehabilitation process by psychologists, to predict the reaction of the child before dental interventions and, thus, to find an individual psychological approach to each child, as well as for the correction caused by the disease psychological disorders.

The aim of the study was to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis (CCG) in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) with application of the Crimean resort factors. The scheme of therapeutic and preventive measures with consideration of background CCG pathology was improved. In the treatment of gingivitis was used rinse of the brine of the Saki Lake. For the purpose to correct hypofunction of the large salivary glands applied galvano mud cure of peloid of the Saki Lake in the submaxillary and parotid region. Positive dynamics of paraclinical indices and indicators of functional oral liquid properties has confirmed the effectiveness of the developed complex treatment of CCG. Application of proposed scheme in treatment of gingivitis will allow to reduce the use of drugs in patients with JRA.

A survey of 62 men, whose age at the primary examination was from 17 to 24 years. The control group included 31 people who had dentoalveolar anomalies and did not undergo orthodontic treatment for these patients, in view of lack of motivation and desire. The main group of the study included 31 people who suffered from tooth-jaw anomalies and who underwent orthodontic treatment. The study found that the lack of timely orthodontic treatment adversely affects the course of the pathology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and chewing muscles and is accompanied by an increase in the frequency of occurrence and aggravation of the severity of their course. Elimination of dentoalveolar anomalies at a young age can eliminate or reduce the clinical manifestations of dysfunction of the TMJ, improve the anatomical and topometric ratio of the joint surfaces of the TMJ, and also reduce the clinical manifestations of parafunctions of the masticatory muscles and normalize their tone.

With sharp elements of orthodontic appliances can cause injury of the oral mucosa of the cheeks and lips. The purpose of the present study was to develop an optimal algorithm of treatment using the drug, which would provide pronounced analgesic action, without causing any negative effects. In this study, we analyzed 110 of the orthodontic patient undergoing orthodontic treatment and with traumatic erosions and ulcers of the oral mucosa during the period from September 2013 to June 2015. The treatment effectiveness of oral mucous membrane injuries by means of various preparations was performed: the new medication based on phytoecdytsteroids (I group), Holisal (II group) and Solkoseril (III group). The visual assessment of inflammation revealed that complete disappearance of signs of hyperemia and edema was in the group that use phytoecdysteroids (group I) - 6 day therapy, in group II - 10, III group - for 8 day. The study revealed that the new phytoointment was the most effective in therapy of erosive ulcerative traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa among the compared medical preparations.

Dentin dysplasia (DD) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by dentine disorganization, reduced volume of pulp chamber, pulp stones, and roots shortening. The cause of dentin dysplasia type I is still unknown; however, the cause of dentin dysplasia type II development is known, and it is associated with a defect of a gene which regulates the production of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), the major non-collagenous protein of dentin. Moreover, in extremely rare cases, dentin dysplasia might develop as a consequence of systemic diseases. Lack of the caries process and availability of calculus is explained with the laboratory parameters obtained: pH = 12.5, no cariogenic microflora found in the oral fluid, which in its turn is attributable to the fact that these microbes are unable to survive in the oral fluid with such a pH level, as well as availability of urates that have antimicrobial properties. Thus, a pediatric dentist plays an important part in diagnosing the disease, as well as such patient management and the choice of treatment methods to help them keep their teeth.

Saliva is a complex biological fluid produced by the salivary glands, with a number of specific characteristics. As a major component of the oral fluid, saliva largely determines its qualitative and quantitative composition. The purpose of the study: does diseases of the organs of sight on the physico-chemical composition of oral fluid. We carried out a physico-chemical study of oral fluid 183 children 3 age groups. A study of the physico-chemical parameters of oral fluid in visually impaired children have revealed reduced salivary flow rate and pH of oral fluid and an increased level of kinematic viscosity. Тhere is a relationship of congenital abnormalities of the organs of vision diseases of the oral cavity.

An actual problem is improvement of quality rendering of the orthodontic help to the children's population of Crimea taking into account regional peculiarities. The work purpose was the assessment of efficacy of use of the educational DVD-program «Motivation and miofunctional training» and elastomeric capping of a domestic production «Korrector» at treatment of maxillodental anomalies in children living in region of Crimea with unfavorable ecological and medico-social conditions. The analysis of results of orthodontic treatment of 87 children of Krasnogvardeysk district at the age of 7-9 years testified that application of the developed complex of actions promoted to significant imrovement of the person’s aesthetics profile, framed optimum conditions for normalization of jaws growth and their interrelations, modelling miofunctional balance in maxillodental system.

The most common prenatal defects are maxilla-facial abnormalities. Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are anatomical defects that affect one of the most important function of the immune system. Fetal immune system responds very sensitively to failures in homeostasis formation. Children with CLP fall ill most frequently ill because they suffer from respiratory diseases since the first months of their lives and the diseases are usually wavelike. These data make it possible to prove that immunotropic therapy should be included in the complex treatment of such children.

Aim: Assessment of possible relations between oral health and related risk factors in school children. Methods: several European oral health indicators, proposed by the EGOHID-2005 and WHO-2013 criteria were used in the oral health assessment of 12-15-year-old children in Voronezh city, Russia, in 2016. Results: Correlations were proposed between dental caries and number of behavioral factors: not observance of the recommended toothbrushing frequency, low motivation in using fluoridated toothpastes, daily consumption of sweet products and beverages. Conclusion: The survey data have proved a high validity of the European oral health indicators for the evaluation of risk factors, monitoring of oral diseases prevalence and quality of dental care among school-age children.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dentoalveolar training in maintaining a good level of oral hygiene in 200 children with a permanent bite. In the dynamics of the study of OHI-S indices for one year in children from the main group throughout the observation period, these indices indicated the maintenance of a good level of oral hygiene. In patients of the comparison group, the effectiveness of individual oral hygiene was assessed as good only in the first three stages, and in the last two stages as satisfactory. As a result of the conducted researches it was established that the additional device of individual oral hygiene developed by the authors (children's dental simulator) combined with a toothbrush helps maintain a good level of oral hygiene in children with a permanent bite, which justifies the need for its use to improve oral hygiene status.

83 children (teenagers) aged 10-15 years with anomalies of occlusion of varying severity studied the overall organization of the crystal structures of the oral fluid. Data were compared with similar parameters 38 healthy children with optimal functional occlusion, do not need orthodontic treatment. Conducted qualitative assessment of crystallogram, as well as the corresponding numerical processing crystallographic pattern with the help of special computer programs. The obtained results indicate that increasing the intensity of morphological and functional disorders in patients with abnormalities of occlusion marked change quantitative (reduction of the radial zone, the protein-crystal ratio, the ratio of the intensity of structure borne when you increase microcrystallization) and quality (destructurization of crystals, inhibition of crystal formation of foci, loss of lamination in the peripheral zone) parameters of the structure of the oral fluid facies.

In view of a number of anatomical and physiological characteristics of the structure of the maxillofacial region in children, the clinical picture of the various stages of the caries process is not completely reliable diagnostic guide. Difficulties in the differential diagnosis of uncomplicated and complicated caries stages at different stages of the formation of roots dictate the need to find new objective and, at the same time, the available diagnostic methods, as much as possible reflect both the functional state of the pulp, and the degree of mineralization of dental hard tissues. The aim of this study was to improve the status of objective diagnostic methods neurovascular bundle and tissues nadpulparnogo dentin of deciduous teeth with varying degrees of formation of roots. To achieve the objectives were examined 665 children living in the city of Omsk. Clinical group of 56 patients was isolated from the total number of the examined. A total of 86 temporary teeth with varying degrees of root formation was investigated with cavities of medium size with a preliminary diagnosis of «chronic pulpitis». These correlative data EVD and EPD temporary teeth with chronic pulpitis allow to conclude that the higher the degree of descriptiveness of combined methods of diagnostics status of the neurovascular bundle and dental hard tissues

Diagnostics and orthodontic treatment of patients with impacted teeth are the actual problems in orthodontics. The aim of the present study was to increase the effectiveness of diagnostics and orthodontic treatment of patients with impacted teeth. The study revealed the reduction of time needed for orthodontic treatment, reduction the risk of infection of the wound surface after exposure the impacted teeth crown. For accurate treatment planning of available dento-alveolar anomalies the analysis of teleraentgenogramms in computer program Dolphin Imaging before and after orthodontic treatment was used.

The review describes commonly encountered errors and complications of orthodontic treatment, clinical cases are given as a result of iatrogenic damage conducted wrong orthodontics. In recent decades many of the approaches and methods of treatment in orthodontics hopelessly outdated, have lost relevance. The large-scale spread of opinions based on a dubious kind of information and statements about the effectiveness of some analogues superior high-tech developments are more a marketing gimmick manufacturers than proven scientific evidence of clinical experiments. Modern assumptions and paradigms have changed due to the popularization of the concept of evidence-based medicine, and need to be revised by clinical orthodontist. This article will address common errors and complications of orthodontic treatment, observed in the Russian orthodontics, and describes possible ways to eliminate iatrogenic effects.

A five-year regional program for prevention of major dental diseases, and healthy lifestyles in children Republic of Crimea has highlighted trends in stabilization the incidence of dental caries and periodontal tissues, has led to an improvement in health indices. However, the task of further reducing the prevalence and intensity of caries of temporary and permanent teeth in children is important and actually.

The problem of trauma of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity during orthodontic treatment, especially in its initial stages, is one of the urgent problems in orthodontics. The prevalence of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa during orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances among the 168 patients studied, made up 38,09%. In the structure of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances the most common form is redness and swelling. The high prevalence of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa during orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances dictates the need to improve preventive measures.

At present, in Russia, the prevention of dental diseases is at an undeservedly low level. It is well known that one of the most studied substances preventing the development of caries is fluorine. It is shown that the use of fluorine-containing varnishes is more convenient than the use of solutions and gels, since it eliminates the ingestion, is well controlled, provides a long-term finding of an additional source of fluoride in the oral cavity.