The results of vital pulpotomy in primary molars in children aged 3-9 years: 12-months randomized trial

Relevance. The prevalence of caries of temporary teeth, the complexity of the organization of prevention and treatment of early childhood caries provide a high need for preschool children in dental care. The majority of children of preschool age are turning to dental organizations on the occasion of pulpitis of temporary teeth.

Purpose. To study the results of three various medicaments’ use for pulpotomy in primary molars in children.

Materials and methods. The Regional Ethic Committee’s permission was obtained before the start of the randomized clinical trial in the parallel groups. After informed parental consents 3-9-year-old children with reversible pulpitis in primary molars were included into the study. Three study-groups were formed by randomization (N=105). Pulpotomy in the first group was applied with Pulpotec (Produits Dentaires SA, Switzerland), in the second group – with PD MTA White (Produits Dentaires SA, Switzerland), in the third group – with Pulpevit #3 (formocresol) (VladMiVa, Russia). In all groups pulpotomy was conducted in one appointment, the light-curing composite was used for restorations. Clinical and radiographical examinations were performed after 6 and 12 months. Chi-square criterion was used to assess the differences between the groups.

Results. At the examinations after 6 and 12 months after pulpotomy pain and other clinical signs of pathology were not revealed in all groups. In the second group tooth discoloration after pulpotomy was noted in 60.6% cases. Radiographical examination after 6 months did not reveal any pathology, after 12 months single cases of external root resorption and periodontal ligament space increase were found (radiographical efficiency were 97.2%, 93.8% и 94.2% in the first, second and third groups respectively, p > 0.05).

Conclusions. Clinical examination of the children after 6 and 12 months, radiographical examination after 6 months revealed 100% efficiency of pulpotomy in primary molars in all the groups. After 12 months radiographical efficiency of pulpotomy was higher after using Pulpotec (97.2%) comparing to MTA (93.8%) and formocresol (94.2%); however, the differences were not significant statistically. Adverse effect was teeth discoloration after MTA use, which did not affect the clinical-radiographical efficiency of pulpotomy.

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