Rational posture as a priority for preserving and strengthening children's health

Relevance. The need to solve a complex socially-significant problem based on postural disorders in more than 80% of the examined children and adolescents determines the study's relevance. The favourable development of the child's body is a good health guarantee, which determines the fundamental reserve of the growing body's vitality. In modern society, health is a necessary condition for the harmonious development of the individual and a significant contribution to the country's development. Our state supports the development of effective methods of diagnosis, treatment, prevention and complex rehabilitation of children and adults with postural disorders to improve children's general health and quality of life. 

Material and methods. The search for publications was carried out in the scientific search databases CyberLeninka, eLibrary and MEDLINE/PubMed by the keywords in Russian and in English: "posture", "posture formation", "correct posture", "postural disorders", "health status", "children". We studied the information obtained from 34 Russian language and 23 international literature sources and compiled a literature review.  

Results. Children of different ages have different physical development disorders and various health problems. Disharmonious physical development, the disproportionality of the facial skeleton, and disorders of the musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory and cardiovascular systems cause psychological trauma and affect the quality of life of children and adolescents. Extreme manifestations of incorrect loading of the spine (scoliosis, flat feet) and persistent spine deformities may require conservative as well as surgical treatment. Physical and functional disorders of internal organs in young people lead to the high exposure of the latter to social factors and significantly reduce the quality of life, learning skills and ability to work.  

Conclusion. The authors consider it relevant to clarify the criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the state of posture and necessary to improve evaluation methods for the timely detection, prevention and cure of any disorders of the musculoskeletal system and dental-facial area and thereby contribute to improving the overall health of children. 

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