Index assessment of malocclusion in schoolchildren in the endemic fluorosis area (pilot study). Part 2
https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-4-224-230
Abstract
Relevance. The formation of malocclusion is due to some general and local risk factors, well described in the specialized literature. At the same time, information on the possible effect of an increased concentration of fluorides in drinking water on the prevalence and structure of malocclusion in children and adolescents is scarce and contradictory. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of malocclusion in schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years old, living in the area of endemic fluorosis, using DAI.
Materials and methods. A cross-sectional dental examination was performed in 361 (12- and 15-year-old) schoolchildren permanently residing in a settlement with high fluoride levels in drinking water (up to 4.5 ppm). The examined children were divided into several groups based on the presence and severity of dental fluorosis (DF). The study assessed DF according to the WHO classification and malocclusion according to the DAI. The obtained results were statistically processed using the SPSS® Statistics 23.0 program.
Results. The study revealed a high prevalence of FD (65.4%) and malocclusion (66.2%) among the examined students. 49% of schoolchildren had mild fluorosis. Incisal segment crowding was the most common malocclusion (DAI, component 2). Pronounced (more than 1 mm) irregularity (DAI, component 5) of the upper incisors was more common than the lower ones. Deviation in anterior-posterior molar relation was the second most common malocclusion (DAI - component 10). Half-a-cusp deviations were twice as frequent as full-cusp deviations. The prevalence of most DAI components was comparable in groups of schoolchildren without fluorosis and with dental fluorosis of different severity. The study noticed an increase in the frequency of deviations in the anterior-posterior first molar relation in patient groups with severe dental fluorosis.
Conclusions. The prevalence of most DAI components in schoolchildren without and with dental fluorosis of different severity was comparable. Further research is necessary to verify the obtained results.
About the Authors
V. V. Belyaev
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vadim V. Belyaev, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, De- partment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
Tver
O. A. Gavrilova
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga A. Gavrilova, DMD, PhD, DSc, Associate Profes- sor, Head of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
Tver
I. V. Belyaev
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Igor V. Belyaev, DMD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
Tver
O. A. Myalo
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga A. Myalo, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Depart- ment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
Tver
A. A. Kutsenko
Tver State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna А. Kutsenko, DMD, Assistant Professor, Depart- ment of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
Tver
References
1. Ayupova FS, Voskanyan AR. The structure of malocclusion in children in the regions of Russia, near and far abroad (literature review). Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis. 2016;3(58):49-55. (In Russ.). Available from: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=27196917
2. Ushnitskiy ID, Alexeeva ТV, Pinelis IS, Yurkevich АV, Mikhalchenko DV, Davidov IЕ. Etiologic factors and pathogenic mechanism of dentoalveolar deformities formations and development. Far Eastern medical journal. 2019;2:94-99. (In Russ.). doi: 10.35177/1994-5191-2019-2-93-98
3. Zou J, Meng M, Law CS, Rao Y, Zhou X. Common dental diseases in children and malocclusion. Int J Oral Sci. 2018;Mar;13;10(1):7. doi: 10.1038/s41368-018-0012-3
4. Chandra SBR, Suma S, Kumar S, Sukhabogi JR, Manjunath BC. Prevalence of malocclusion among 15-year-old schoolchildren using dental aesthetic index in Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional study. J Indian Assoc Public Health Dent. 2014;12(3):173-178. doi: 10.4103/2319-5932.144788
5. Kirzioglu Z, Saglam AM, Simsek S. Occlusal disharmonies of primary dentition in a high and a low fluoride area of Turkey. Fluoride. 2005;38(1):57-64. Available from: https://www.fluorideresearch.org/381/files/38157-64.pdf
6. Mamedov AA, Admakin OI. Stomatologicheskaya zabolevaemost detskogo i vzroslogo naseleniya v razlichnyh klimatogeograficheskih regionah Rossii. Profilaktika stomatologicheskih zabolevanij. 2004;9:14-17. (In Russ.). Available from: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32531160
7. Chuikin SV, Akatyeva GG, Muhametova ESh, Averyanov SV, Snetkova TV, Gunaeva SA. Risk factors for the development of dentition abnormalities in children (literature review). Actual problems in dentistry. 2010;4:55-60. (In Russ.). Available from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/faktory-riska-voznikno- veniya-zubochelyustnyh-anomaliy-u-detey-obzor-literatury
8. Belyaev VV, Gavrilova OA, Belyaev IV, El-Aydi MA, Myalo OA. Malocclusion index assessment in schoolchildren in the endemic fluorosis area (pilot study). Part I. Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis. 2020;20(4):324-328. (In Russ.). doi: 10.33925/1683-3031-2020-20-4-324-328
9. Hill IN, Blayney JR, Wolf W. The Evanston Dental Caries Study. XIX. Prevalence of malocclusion of children in a fluoridated and control area. J Dent Res. 1959;38:782-789. doi: 10.1177/00220345590380040601
10. Oral Health Surveys. Basic Methods. 4th Edition. – World Health Organization. Geneva, 1997. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/41905
11. Belyaev VV, Gavrilova OA, Belyaev IV, Myalo OA, Konovalov SV. Assessment of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren using the community index (CFI). Endodontics Today. 2020;18(1):74-76. (In Russ.). doi: 10.36377/1683-2981-2020-18-1-74-76
12. Likhvantsev VV, Yadgarov MYa, Berikashvili LB, Kadantseva KK, Kuzovlev AN. Sample size estimation. Russian Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimatology. 2020;6:77-86. (In Russ.). doi:10.17116/anaesthesiology202006177
13. Jenny J, Cons NC. Establishing malocclusion severity levels on the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) scale. Aust Dent J. 1996;41(1):43-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.1996.tb05654.x.
14. Olesov EE, Kaganova OS, Fazilova TA, Mirgazizov MZ, Ilyin AA, Shugailov IA. Dynamics of structure and severity of dentoalveolar anomalies on the background of early orthodontic treatment during occlusion. Journal of Clinical Practice. 2019;10(3):19-25. (In Russ.). doi:10.17816/clinpract10319-25
15. Iranzo-Cortés JE, Montiel-Company JM, Bellot-Arcís C, Almerich-Torres T, Almerich-Silla JM. Need for Orthodontic Treatment in Pupils Aged between 12 and 15 in the Valencian Region (Spain). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021;18(19):10162. doi: 10.3390/ijerph181910162
16. de Almeida AB, Leite IC. Orthodontic treatment need for Brazilian schoolchildren: a study using the Dental Aesthetic Index. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013;18(1):103-109. doi: 10.1590/s2176-94512013000100021
17. Tak M, Nagarajappa R, Sharda AJ, Asawa K, Tak A, Jalihal S, et al. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12-15 years old school children of Udaipur, India. European journal of dentistry. 2013;7(Suppl 1):45-53. doi: 10.4103/1305-7456.119071
18. Pérez IF, Naples JN, Reyes MR, Ramos MRM, Lahens MA. Need for orthodontic treatment through the dental aesthetic index. Int J Fam Commun Med. 2018;2(6):366-369. doi: 10.15406/ijfcm.2018.02.00110
Review
For citations:
Belyaev V.V., Gavrilova O.A., Belyaev I.V., Myalo O.A., Kutsenko A.A. Index assessment of malocclusion in schoolchildren in the endemic fluorosis area (pilot study). Part 2. Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis. 2021;21(4):224-230. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-4-224-230
Views:
483
Email this article 
