Hereditary disorders of dentin development. Type I dentin dysplasia (clinical case)

Abstract

Relevance. Hereditary disorders of dentin development in clinical practice are quite rare, occur as a result of genetic changes and are inherited, as a rule, by autosomal dominant type. In the modern classification of dentin disorders of there are 3 forms of dentinogenesis patholigics and 2 forms of dentin dysplasia. But at the moment, as a result of the new molecular genetic studies, this classification requires revision, as some forms of dentogenesis patholigics and dysplasia may have different manifestations of the same genetic defect. The population frequency of dentin dysplasia (DD) type I is 1:100 000 people. This pathology is characterized by abnormal morphology of crowns and changes in the structure of the roots of the teeth. The roots are usually shortened, irregularly shaped, pulp chamber partially or completely absent. The x-ray reveals foci of bone resorption in the area of the tops of the roots of intact teeth. Due to the shortening of the roots, and in some cases their absence, tooth mobility develops. In this regard, patients with this pathology quickly lose their teeth. The article describes a clinical case of 15-year follow-up of a patient with type I DD, subtype 1a. Treatment in this case was to prevent premature loss of teeth. The publication presents selected methods of treatment and principles of prevention of complications of dentin dysplasia, allowing to keep teeth in the oral cavity as long as possible