Morphological peculiarities of facial skelet structure and clinical and diagnostic approaches to the treatment of dental anomalies in children in the period of early change

Relevance. At the stages of treatment of children with dental-maxillary anomalies, the scientific and practical importance is provided by refined data on craniological features, the knowledge of which makes it possible to significantly facilitate the determination of the head shape and constitutional face types during the replaceable bite, as well as their correlations with odontometric values and morphometric parameters of dental arches. Aim. The development and justification of clinical and diagnostic approaches to the treatment of dental anomalies in children during the early interchangeable bite according to the results of morphometric studies of the teeth, dental arches and maxillofacial area. Materials and methods. Parameters of the cerebral, facial parts of the head of 9! children with cutting out first molars and incisors of the upper and lower jaw were investigated. The facial indices are calculated by Garson, G. Izard. When analyzing teletragenograms, the method of A.M. Schwarz modified by V.N. Trezubov and Di Paolo. Odontometry conducted by the method of A.A. Zubov, kefalometriya - taking into account the recommendations ofV.S. Speransky. Results. The morphometry of the maxillofacial region of children in the early interchangeable bite indicates the absence of a statistically significant difference between boys and girls. The average indices of the cranial index in boys are 79.7, in girls - 78.4, which corresponds to mesocephaly. In children in the early interchangeable occlusion, the clinical types of the face do not correspond to the morphological, but are determined by the ratio of odontometric values to the parameters of the maxillofacial area. The dimensional characteristics of the dental arches are set by dynamically changing indicators of the craniofacial complex, and do not correlate with the odontometric dimensions. Conclusions. In connection with the incompleteness of the growth of the cerebral, facial parts of the skull in children in the early interchangeable bite, it's not the traditional methods, but the morphometric parameters of the face that have diagnostic significance in determining the shape and size of the dental arches.

кефалометрия, линевые индексы, мезонефалия, лептопрозопия, мезопрозопия, эурипрозопия, детское население, cephalometry, facial indices, mesocephaly, leptoprozopia, mesoprozopia, euriprozopia, children's population