Dietary factors and periodontal status among 15-year-old adolescents in Arkhangelsk region

Relevance. Heterogeneity of previous findings on the associations between nutritional factors and oral health warrants studies in different regions and age-groups. Aim. To assess the prevalence of dietary factors selected by the WHO influencing oral health as well as to estimate associations between these factors and the prevalence and experience of periodontal inflammatory diseases (PID) among 15-year-old adolescents in Arkhangelsk region. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in 7 urban and 5 rural settings selected at random. Altogether, 1172 15-year-old adolescents were examined using standard WHO methodology and a questionnaire. Prevalence and experience of PID was presented with 95% confidence intervals (Cl). Categorical variables were analyzed using Pearson's chi-squared tests. Associations between dietary factors and the average number of affected sextants were studied using Poisson regression. Dichotomous outcomes were studied using multiple Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Results. Positive associations were observed between the frequency of consumptions of soft drinks (p = 0.009) and tea / coffee with milk and the number of affected sextants (p = 0.037). This number was 32% lower among those who consumed chewing gum daily or more often compared to the reference group. The prevalence of calculus was 22% lower among those who chewed gum at least daily compared to those who did so once a week or less often. Associations between the number of affected sextants and the frequency of chewing gum consumption (p = 0.020) and fresh fruits (p < 0.00!) were also found. Conclusions. More frequent consumption of chewing gum was associated with lower prevalence of bleeding and lower average number of affected sextants among adolescents. At the same time more frequent consumption of soft drinks was associated with greater average number of sextants with bleeding. Higher consumption of fresh fruits and chewing gum was associated with lower prevalence of PID and lower average number of sextants with calculus.

питание, сониально-демографические факторы, подростки, воспалительные заболевания пародонта, кровоточивость, зубной камень, Архангельская область, dietary factors, socio-demographic factors, adolescents, periodontal status, bleeding, calculus, Arkhangelsk region