Эпидемиологические аспекты врожденных пороков челюстно-лицевой области у детей Волгоградской области за 2010-2016 гг.

Abstract

The article represents the results of the research of frequency, prevalence and structure of congenital maxillofacial anomaly in Volgograd and the region in 2010-2016. The study of birth rate with congenital maxillofacial anomaly was conducted in some administrative districts of the region; in the region, an unequal prevalence of the anomaly was identified. The results are the following: the index of frequency of birth with congenital maxillofacial anomaly per 1000 people was varying from 1,2±0,2 in 2016 to 1,9±0,3 in 2013, it amounts 1:630 or 1,6 children. Analyzing clinical and anatomical forms of the anomaly, we have noticed that the most frequent anomalies were the following: congenital cleft palate — 42%, 127 children; congenital cleft lip and palate — 32%, 96 children; congenital cleft lip — 26%, 80 children. There were cases of birth with other facial anomalies: facial cleft, anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, and congenital anomaly of the inner ear, congenital cervical fistula, gemifacial microsomy, Crouzon syndrom and different dysostosises — 7%, 22 children. To identify the part of influence of different socio-biological risk factors we analyzed a number of indicators (according to the results of the survey and some data from children’s development history). The acute infectious diseases which mother got in the first trimester of pregnancy can be counted as risk factors of birth with congenital maxillofacial anomalies. According to our research, 22 of mothers got such diseases.