Analysis of functional state indicators of masseter and temporalis of children with different levels of dental caries resistance

Relevance. Functional disharmonies of the maxillofacial region are directly related to the degree of intensity of dental caries. In addition, modern studies note the importance of methodological approaches to the study of the function of the masseter muscles. This is due to the fact that with increased fatigue and an imbalance in the bioelectric activity of the masticatory and temporal muscles, a decrease in the hydrodynamic pressure gradient in the arterioles of the pulp chamber of the teeth, difficulty in the flow of interstitial fluid into the sewage system of the tooth, as a result of which the tissue barrier and caries resistance of hard tooth tissues suffer. Therefore, when developing recommendations for improving primary prevention and therapeutic measures for dental caries, a prerequisite is a comprehensive study of the dental status with an assessment of the functional state of the masseter muscles.

Purpose. To analysis of the functional state of the masseter and temporal muscles in children with varying degrees of dental caries.

Materials and methods. The study examined the relationship between the state of the masseter and temporalis of the maxillofacial region with different levels of dental caries resistance in 108 children aged 6-16 years with normal occlusion. The investigated were divided into four groups groups with a high, medium hard, low average, and low degree caries resistance. In each group, the indices of KPU and KPU + kp were determined, the state of hard tissues of teeth was assessed by means of electrometric diagnostics, and the functional state of externally localized masseter and temporalis was studied by electromyography.

Results. An analysis of the functional state of the masseter muscles revealed a decrease in the indicators of total bioelectric activity in children with a decrease in the level of caries resistance. Thus, adolescents with a medium hard, low average, and low degree caries resistance have an imbalance in bioelectrical activity between the masseter and temporal muscles and a general decrease in the potential activity of the masseter muscles. The obtained data on the number of carious, filled and extracted teeth (KPU index) indicate an increase in values with a deterioration in the resistance of dental hard tissues.

Conclusions. The analysis allows us to talk about a direct relationship between the functional state of the masseter muscles and the caries resistance. Therefore, when developing recommendations for improving primary prevention and therapeutic measures for dental caries, a prerequisite is a comprehensive study of the dental status with an assessment of the functional state of the masseter muscles.

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