Quality of life in adolescents aged 13–17 years with amelogenesis imperfecta

Relevance. The quality of life in children aged 13–17 years with amelogenesis imperfecta is a significant medical and social concern in modern dentistry. This issue is particularly important due to several key factors. Firstly, amelogenesis imperfecta is a rare hereditary condition that severely affects enamel formation and development, resulting in considerable functional and aesthetic impairments. Secondly, adolescence, particularly between the ages of 13 and 17, is a critical period for self-esteem development, intensified interpersonal interactions, and an increased emphasis on appearance in social adaptation. Thirdly, while modern dentistry provides various treatment options for amelogenesis imperfecta, their impact on the quality of life of adolescent patients has not been sufficiently studied.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted through the synthesis of clinical case data reported in publications and the practical experience of pediatric dentists at the V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children under the Moscow City Health Department. A total of 120 children were examined.

Results. Children with amelogenesis imperfecta often encounter significant social and psychological challenges, including difficulties in peer communication and the risk of social isolation. Managing such patients requires a comprehensive approach that extends beyond oral health care to include psychological support. The primary objectives of therapy are to preserve the teeth, restore their function, and improve aesthetics. Emphasis should be placed on maintaining oral hygiene through the use of specialized products and techniques. It is essential to consider each child's individual characteristics and address potential psychological barriers to treatment. Effective rehabilitation can greatly enhance the quality of life for these young patients and support their social integration.

Conclusion. The conducted study has revealed a significant impact of this condition on the physical, psychological, and social well-being of patients. The findings highlight the need for a comprehensive treatment approach that incorporates not only oral rehabilitation but also psychological support. Such an integrated approach can enhance the effectiveness of therapy and improve the quality of life of adolescents with amelogenesis imperfecta.

1. Morozova, NS, Mamedov, AA, Potryasova, AM, Elovskaya A. A., Ivannikova, K. Comprehensive approach to rehabilitation of patients with amelogenesis imperfecta. Vopr. prakt. pediatr. (Clinical Practice in Pediatrics). 2019;14(5):131–138 (In Russ.). doi: 10.20953/1817-7646-2019-5-131-138

2. Fursik DI, Fursik TI. Rehabilitation of patients with amelogenesis imperfecta (a case report). Volgograd Journal of Medical Research. 2015;(4):53-55 (In Russ.). Available from: https://www.volgmed.ru/uploads/journals/articles/1456729960-bulletin-2015-4-2604.pdf

3. Marquezin MC, Zancopé BR, Pacheco LF, Gavião MB, Pascon FM. Aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of the primary dentition affected by amelogenesis imperfecta. Case Rep Dent. 2015;2015:790890. doi: 10.1155/2015/790890

4. Möhn M, Bulski JC, Krämer N, Rahman A, Schulz-Weidner N. Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta in Childhood: Two Case Reports. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(13):7204. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18137204

5. Ortiz L, Pereira AM, Jahangiri L, Choi M. Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta in Adolescent Patients: Clinical Report. J Prosthodont. 2019;28(6):607-612. doi: 10.1111/jopr.13069

6. Pousette Lundgren G, Karsten A, Dahllöf G. Oral health-related quality of life before and after crown therapy in young patients with amelogenesis imperfecta. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2015;13:197. doi: 10.1186/s12955-015-0393-37

7. Bin Saleh SS. Etiology, Classification, and Restorative Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Among Children and Young Adults: A Scoping Review. Cureus. 2023;15(12):e49968. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49968

8. Seow WK. Developmental defects of enamel and dentine: challenges for basic science research and clinical management. Aust Dent J. 2014;59 Suppl 1:143-54. doi: 10.1111/adj.12104

9. Sinada N, Wang CI. Fixed prosthodontic rehabilitation with a fully digital workflow for a teenage patient with amelogenesis imperfecta: A 2-year follow-up. J Prosthet Dent. 2024;131(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.02.025

10. Teixeira TPS, Pereira PSA, Carvalho FAR, Soviero VM. Influence of genetics on the occurrence of enamel hypomineralization affecting permanent and primary teeth: A scoping review. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2024;34(4):331-347. doi: 10.1111/ipd.13129

11. Coffield KD, Phillips C, Brady M, Roberts MW, Strauss RP, Wright JT. The psychosocial impact of developmental dental defects in people with hereditary amelogenesis imperfecta. J Am Dent Assoc. 2005;136(5):620-30. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2005.0233