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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detstom</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RPA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3031-2025-911</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detstom-911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стоматологический статус женщин во время беременности и в послеродовом периоде</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Oral health status of women during pregnancy and the postpartum period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-4319</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиянова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shiyanova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шиянова Анастасия Дмитриевна, ассистент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia D. Shiyanova, DMD, Assistant Professor, Department of the Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.anastasia.95@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8026-0800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орехова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orekhova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орехова Людмила Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой терапевтической стоматологии и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila Yu. Orekhova, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of the Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof_orekhova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0366-2873</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрявцева Татьяна Васильевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Kudryavtseva, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Department of the Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.kudryavtseva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3777-702X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тасаева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tasaeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тасаева Екатерина Альбертовна, студент</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Tasaeva, Student</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ek.tasaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1339-8738</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березкина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezkina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Березкина Ирина Викторовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Berezkina, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of the Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivberezkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-9173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силина</surname><given-names>Э. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Silina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Силина Эльвира Сергеевна, доцент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira S. Silina, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of the Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elruzza@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>197</fpage><lpage>208</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шиянова А.Д., Орехова Л.Ю., Кудрявцева Т.В., Тасаева Е.А., Березкина И.В., Силина Э.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шиянова А.Д., Орехова Л.Ю., Кудрявцева Т.В., Тасаева Е.А., Березкина И.В., Силина Э.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shiyanova A.D., Orekhova L.Y., Kudryavtseva T.V., Tasaeva E.A., Berezkina I.V., Silina E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/911">https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/911</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Многочисленные изменения всех систем организма в период беременности и после родов могут оказывать влияние на здоровье самой женщины, в том числе и стоматологическое. В связи с этим остро стоит вопрос изучения проявлений заболеваний рта, которые наиболее распространены в данные периоды.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен систематический поиск и анализ доступных мировых источников литературы за последние 10 лет. Подбор осуществлялся в электронных базах PubMed, Google Search, eLibrary. Печатные работы изучались при соблюдении следующих критериев включения: женщины, находящиеся в процессе беременности и в течение одного года после родов без патологии беременности и с естественным характером родов, среди которых была изучена распространенность и интенсивность стоматологической патологии. В рамках изучаемой темы было выявлено 1834 источника научной литературы. В процессе работы были удалены дубликаты, по итогам отбора для изучения было доступно 541 исследование. В систематический обзор было включено 56 публикаций, которые подходили для данного исследования и могли быть использованы в количественном сравнении.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Имеющиеся научные данные показали прогрессирование стоматологической патологии во время беременности и изменение ее структуры. Среди заболеваний твердых тканей зуба наблюдается острое течение процесса, рецидивы достигают 38-45%. Начальные симптомы заболеваний пародонта проявляются уже к 2-3 месяцу беременности и коррелируют со сроком гестации, проявляясь чаще всего в виде катарального и гипертрофического гингивита. Исследователи отмечают увеличение количества зубных отложений, прогрессирование воспаления десневого края, сдвиг рН ротовой жидкости в кислую сторону до и после родов. Публикации, посвященные стоматологической патологии в послеродовом периоде, в отечественной и мировой литературе практически не встречаются. Но все немногочисленные данные указывают на негативную динамику заболеваний полости рта вплоть до двух лет после родов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, основываясь на доступных данных мировой научной литературы, можно констатировать необходимость изучения стоматологического здоровья в послеродовом периоде в связи с продолжающимися негативными изменениями в ротовой полости, а также низкой степенью изученности вопроса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Numerous physiological changes affecting all body systems during pregnancy and the postpartum period can influence a woman’s overall health, including oral health. This underscores the importance of studying oral diseases that are most prevalent during these stages.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A systematic search and analysis of global scientific literature published over the past 10 years was conducted using electronic databases including PubMed, Google Search, and eLibrary. Printed sources were reviewed according to the following inclusion criteria: women during pregnancy and up to one year postpartum, with uncomplicated pregnancies and vaginal deliveries, in whom the prevalence and severity of oral diseases were assessed. A total of 1843 sources were initially identified. After removing duplicates, 541 studies remained available for screening. Of these, 56 publications met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into the systematic review and quantitative analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The available scientific evidence indicates both progression and structural changes in oral diseases during pregnancy. Among hard tissue conditions, acute dental caries and relapses were reported in 38–45% of cases. Early signs of periodontal disease typically appear by the second or third month of pregnancy and are correlated with gestational age, most often manifesting as catarrhal or hypertrophic gingivitis. Researchers also report an increase in dental plaque accumulation, progression of marginal gingival inflammation, and a shift in oral fluid pH toward acidity during and after pregnancy. Publications specifically addressing oral diseases in the postpartum period are scarce in both domestic and international literature. However, the limited available data suggest a continuing negative trend in oral health, extending up to two years postpartum.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Based on the available global literature, there is a clear need for further research into postpartum oral health due to ongoing adverse changes in the oral cavity and the overall lack of studies addressing this period.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>заболевания полости рта</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>послеродовый период</kwd><kwd>стоматологическое здоровье</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oral diseases</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>postpartum period</kwd><kwd>oral health</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гринин ВМ, Ерканян ИМ, Иванов СЮ. Распространенность и факторы риска развития основных стоматологических заболеваний у беременных. 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