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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detstom</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RPA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3031-2025-899</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detstom-899</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов в комплексной терапии воспалительных заболеваний пародонта у пациентов с высоким риском кариеса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as adjunctive therapy in patients with periodontitis and high caries risk</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6412-4748</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тайлакова</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taylakova</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дилдора Ибрагимовна Тайлакова, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры терапевтической стоматологии</p><p>200123, Гиждуванская ул., д. 23, г. Бухара </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dildora I. Taylakova, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of the Restorative dentistry</p><p>23 Gijduvan Str., Bukhara, 200123 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taylakova.dildora@bsmi.uz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-2994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколович</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolovich</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколович Наталия Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой стоматологии факультета стоматологии и медицинских технологий</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Sokolovich, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of the Dentistry</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">st003738@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Бухарский государственный медицинский институт<country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bukhara State Medical Institute<country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>417</fpage><lpage>431</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тайлакова Д.И., Соколович Н.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тайлакова Д.И., Соколович Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Taylakova D.I., Sokolovich N.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/899">https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/899</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Пародонтит и кариес – распространенные стоматологические патологии, часто сочетающиеся на фоне хронического воспаления. При пародонтите наблюдается гиперпродукция медиаторов (IL-1β, IL- 6, TNF-α, PGE2 и др.), ведущая к разрушению тканей пародонта и усилению деминерализации эмали. В этой связи рассматривается включение нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов (НПВП) в терапию пародонтита с целью модуляции иммунного ответа. НПВП эффективно ингибируют синтез простагландинов, тем самым снижая воспаление, но их влияние на клинические показатели пародонта и риск кариеса требует систематического анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить эффективность и безопасность системного и местного применения пяти НПВП (ацетилсалициловая кислота, ибупрофен, диклофенак, кетопрофен, теноксикам) как адъювантной терапии хронического пародонтита у взрослых.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен систематический обзор и анализ рандомизированных клинических исследований (РКИ) и контролируемых клинических исследований (по март 2024) согласно PRISMA, с протоколом в PROSPERO (CRD42024518732). Искали работы на PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, WoS. Включались исследования с пациентами, у которых диагностирован хронический генерализованный пародонтит, сравнением НПВП (системно или локально) с плацебо/стандартной терапией (период ≥4 недель), оценкой PPD, CAL, BoP и др. (табл. 2). Оценивали риск систематической ошибки по RoB 2 и ROBINS-I. При наличии сопоставимых данных выполняли мета-анализ с моделями случайных эффектов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Поиск выявил 876 записей, из них 72 для полного текста; в качественный анализ вошло 5 исследований (всего 150 пациентов): 4 РКИ и 1 контролируемое нерандомизированное исследование. Добавление низкодозового аспирина (75–150 мг/сут) к неинвазивной санации (3–6 мес.) достоверно уменьшало средний PPD на ≈0,6 мм и увеличивало CAL на ≈0,5 мм по сравнению с плацебо (p &lt; 0,05). Метаанализ трех РКИ с аспирином показал значительное снижение PPD (MD –0,62 мм; 95% ДИ –0,78…–0,45; I2 = 21%) при умеренном уровне доказательности. Системный диклофенак обеспечивал аналгезию, эквивалентную местному анальгетику без НПВП, но при коротком сроке наблюдения (3 дн.) его влияние на пародонт не изучали. Прием ибупрофена в послеоперационном периоде не улучшал заживление по сравнению с контролем, но у 15% пациентов вызывал желудочные жалобы. Курс теноксикама (20 мг, 10 дн.) не давал преимущества по PPD и CAL по сравнению с плацебо. Данных по системному кетопрофену при пародонтите не обнаружено. Локальные формы НПВП продемонстрировали позитивный эффект: полоскание 2% раствором ибупрофена 3 раза/день (12 нед.) дополняло снижение PPD ≈0,6 мм и прирост CAL ≈0,5 мм без побочных явлений; аппликации 1,5% кетопрофенового геля (2 р/д, 3 мес.) дополнительно уменьшали PPD на ≈0,8 мм (p &lt; 0,05) и улучшали CAL на ≈0,6 мм по сравнению со скейлингом. Нанесение 1% геля диклофенака после скейлинга сопровождалось достоверным приростом прикрепления (+0,4 мм к 3-му мес.). Ни серьезных осложнений, ни язвенных кровотечений зарегистрировано не было. Местные формы переносились хорошо, без раздражения слизистой.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Нестероидные противовоспалительные средства могут с успехом использоваться в комплексной терапии пародонтита как модуляторы воспалительной реакции. Применение низких доз аспирина на протяжении нескольких месяцев показывает умеренное, но воспроизводимое улучшение пародонтальных показателей. Местные формы (ополаскиватели и гели с ибупрофеном, кетопрофеном, диклофенаком) улучшают состояние пародонта без системных побочных эффектов, что особенно важно для пациентов с высоким риском гастопатий. Включение НПВП в лечебные схемы у пациентов с выраженным воспалением и высоким риском кариеса потенциально способствует снижению активности воспалительных деструктивных процессов и может опосредованно улучшать резистентность твердых тканей зубов к деминерализации. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение оптимальных режимов применения НПВП, длительности курсов и отдаленных эффектов (в том числе влияния на кариозную активность), прежде чем включить их в стандарты лечения периодонтальной патологии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Periodontitis and dental caries are highly prevalent oral diseases that frequently coexist in the context of chronic inflammation. Periodontitis is associated with increased production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE2, among others), resulting in destruction of periodontal tissues and enhanced enamel demineralization. In this context, the inclusion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of periodontitis has attracted attention as a means of modulating the immune response. NSAIDs effectively inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and thereby reduce inflammation; however, their effects on clinical periodontal parameters and caries risk require systematic evaluation.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of systemic and topical administration of five NSAIDs (acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, diclofenac, ketoprofen, and tenoxicam) as adjunctive therapy for chronic periodontitis in adults.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical studies published up to March 2024 was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024518732). Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eligible studies included adult patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, compared systemic or topical NSAIDs with placebo or standard non-surgical periodontal therapy, with a minimum follow-up of 4 weeks, and reported clinical outcomes such as probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BoP), and related periodontal parameters (Table 2). Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools. Where appropriate, meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The literature search identified 876 records, of which 72 articles were assessed in full text; five studies comprising a total of 150 patients met the inclusion criteria, including four randomized controlled trials (RCT) and one controlled nonrandomized study. Adjunctive administration of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (75–150 mg/day) in combination with non-surgical periodontal therapy over 3–6 months resulted in statistically significant reductions in mean PPD (approximately 0.6 mm) and gains in CAL (approximately 0.5 mm) compared with placebo (p &lt; 0.05). Meta-analysis of three aspirin-based randomized controlled trials demonstrated a significant reduction in PPD (mean difference −0.62 mm; 95% CI −0.78 to −0.45; I2 = 21%) with a moderate level of evidence. Systemic diclofenac provided postoperative analgesia comparable to that of a non-NSAID local analgesic; however, due to the short observation period (3 days), its effects on periodontal parameters were not assessed. Postoperative ibuprofen administration did not improve periodontal healing compared with control treatment and was associated with gastrointestinal complaints in 15% of patients. A 10-day course of tenoxicam (20 mg/day) showed no advantage over placebo with respect to PPD or CAL. No data were identified on systemic ketoprofen use in periodontitis. In contrast, topical NSAID formulations demonstrated beneficial effects: rinsing with a 2% ibuprofen solution three times daily for 12 weeks resulted in an additional reduction in PPD of approximately 0.6 mm and a CAL gain of approximately 0.5 mm without adverse effects; application of a 1.5% ketoprofen gel twice daily for 3 months led to a further reduction in PPD of approximately 0.8 mm (p &lt; 0.05) and a CAL gain of approximately 0.6 mm compared with scaling alone. Application of a 1% diclofenac gel after scaling was associated with a significant clinical attachment gain (+0.4 mm at 3 months). No serious adverse events or ulcerative gastrointestinal bleeding were reported. Topical formulations were well tolerated, with no mucosal irritation observed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be effectively used as adjuncts in comprehensive periodontal therapy as modulators of the inflammatory response. Prolonged administration of low-dose aspirin yields moderate but reproducible improvements in key periodontal parameters. Topical NSAID formulations (ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac mouthrinses or gels) provide additional periodontal benefits without systemic adverse effects, which is particularly relevant for patients at increased risk of NSAID-associated gastropathy. Incorporation of NSAIDs into treatment protocols for patients with pronounced periodontal inflammation and high caries risk may contribute to suppression of inflammatory tissue destruction and indirectly enhance resistance of dental hard tissues to demineralization. Further high-quality studies are required to determine optimal dosing regimens, treatment duration, and long-term outcomes, including effects on caries activity, before NSAIDs can be recommended for routine inclusion in periodontal treatment standards.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты</kwd><kwd>пародонтит</kwd><kwd>кариес</kwd><kwd>ацетилсалициловая кислота</kwd><kwd>ибупрофен</kwd><kwd>диклофенак</kwd><kwd>кетопрофен</kwd><kwd>теноксикам</kwd><kwd>адъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>глубина зондирования пародонтального кармана</kwd><kwd>клиническое прикрепление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs</kwd><kwd>periodontitis</kwd><kwd>dental caries</kwd><kwd>acetylsalicylic acid</kwd><kwd>ibuprofen</kwd><kwd>diclofenac</kwd><kwd>ketoprofen</kwd><kwd>tenoxicam</kwd><kwd>adjunctive therapy</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>probing pocket depth</kwd><kwd>clinical attachment level</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ren J, Kamel A, Baker PJ, Han B, Lin Y. 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