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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detstom</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RPA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3031-2023-647</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detstom-647</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ причин и факторов риска системной гипоплазии эмали у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of enamel hypoplasia causes and risk factors in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5821-1754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпова Людмила Сергеевна, врач-стоматолог детский детского отделения клиники научно-исследовательского института стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии, старший лаборант кафедры стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila S. Karpova, DMD, Pediatric Dentist, Pediatric Department, Clinic of the Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery; Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kls1095@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-3845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткаченко Татьяна Борисовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, декан стоматологическго факультета, заведующая кафедрой стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana B. Tkachenko, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Dean of the School of Dentistry, Head of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">decanstom@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-5350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савушкина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savushkina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савушкина Наталья Александровна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Savushkina, DMD, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nas155@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9795-5160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омирова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omirova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омирова Наргиз Идаят кызы, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры физики, математики и информатики</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nargiz Idayat kyzy Omirova, PhD in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Mathematics and Informatics</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nargizomirova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кордина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kordina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кордина Алена Антоновна, врач-стоматолог</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena A. Kordina, DMD, Pediatric Dentist </p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Alena_kordina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5453-2760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котюрова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotyurova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котюрова Ольга Леонидовна, главный врач </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kotyurova Olga Leonidovna, DMD, Chief Dentist</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga_koturova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детская городская стоматологическая поликлиника №1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children's City Dental Clinic №1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>255</fpage><lpage>261</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карпова Л.С., Ткаченко Т.Б., Савушкина Н.А., Омирова Н.И., Кордина А.А., Котюрова О.Л., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карпова Л.С., Ткаченко Т.Б., Савушкина Н.А., Омирова Н.И., Кордина А.А., Котюрова О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karpova L.S., Tkachenko T.B., Savushkina N.A., Omirova N.I., Kordina A.A., Kotyurova O.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/647">https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/647</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Гипоплазия эмали – одно из наиболее часто встречаемых поражением твердых тканей зубов у детей. Одной из форм системной гипоплазии эмали является молярно-резцовая гипоминерализация (Molar-Incisor-Hipomineralisation, MIH). MIH определяется как качественный дефект развития эмали у детей и подростков, поражающий по крайней мере один постоянный моляр с вовлечением или без вовлечения резцов. Что касается причин развития, подтверждено, что MIH как форма системной гипоплазии эмали (СГЭ) имеет многофакторную этиологию.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эмпирическое исследование проводилось на базах стоматологических клиник города Санкт-Петербурга, в нем приняло участие 90 респондентов. Им предлагалось ответить на вопросы анонимной оригинальной разработанной нами анкеты. В отчете собраны результаты описательной статистики по измерениям, связанным с данными трех групп по имеющимся у детей нарушениям твердых тканей зубов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средний возраст женщин, дети которых не имели диагноза кариес зубов и гипоплазия эмали, составил 35,52 года, тогда как средний возраст мам детей с MIH составил 40,17 лет. При изучении количества предыдущих беременностей и родов выявили, что у детей, рожденных от первой беременности, отсутствовали признаки MIH и пятнистой формой СГЭ. При анализе влияния перенесенных заболеваний женщин во время беременности на развитие пороков развития эмали статистически значимые результаты получены по таким патологиям как ОРЗ и ОРВИ, а также по хроническим заболеваниям эндокринной системы. По полученным данным, грипп и перенесенные заболевания органов дыхания, а также прием антибактериальных препаратов на первом году жизни ребенка ведут к развитию различных форм СГЭ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Enamel hypoplasia is one of the most common defects of a child's hard dental tissue. Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is one of the systemic hypoplasia forms. MIH is defined as a qualitative defect of enamel development in children and adolescents affecting at least one permanent molar with or without the involvement of the incisors. As for the causes, MIH, as a form of enamel hypoplasia, proved to be a multifactorial disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Conducted in dental clinics of St. Petersburg, an empirical study surveyed 90 respondents with the anonymous original questionnaire developed by us. The report summarized the results of descriptive statistics on measurements related to the data of the three groups on existing disorders of the hard dental tissues in children.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average age of women whose children are not diagnosed with caries and enamel hypoplasia was 35.52 years, while the average age of mothers of children with MIH was 40.17 years. The study of the number of previous pregnancies and childbirths revealed no signs of MIH and pitting enamel hypoplasia (PET) in children of the first pregnancy. The analysis of the past medical history impact in women during pregnancy on the development of enamel defects provided statistically significant results for such illnesses as URTI and VURTI, as well as chronic endocrine diseases. According to the data obtained, influenza, past respiratory diseases and antibiotic intake during the first year of a child's life led to the development of various types of enamel hypoplasia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эмаль</kwd><kwd>гипоплазия</kwd><kwd>молярно-резцовая гипоминерализация</kwd><kwd>детская стоматология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>enamel</kwd><kwd>hypoplasia</kwd><kwd>molar incisor hypomineralization</kwd><kwd>pediatric dentistry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ожгихина НВ, Закиров ТВ, Иощенко ЕС. Интенсивность кариеса и скорость слюноотделения у детей с системной гипоплазией эмали. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2014;(5):533. 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