detstomСтоматология детского возраста и профилактикаPediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis1683-30311726-7218RPA10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-2-76-87detstom-356Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWАнализ эффективности школьных программ по профилактике стоматологических заболеваний. Обзор литературыAnalysis of the effectiveness of school programs for the prevention of dental diseases: a literature reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8026-0800ОреховаЛ. Ю.OrekhovaL. Yu.

Орехова Людмила Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук,  профессор, заведующая кафедрой стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии

Санкт-Петербург

Liudmila Yu. Orekhova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, Head of the department Restorative Dentistry and periodontology

Saint Petersburg

prof_orekhova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0366-2873КудрявцеваТ. В.KudryavtsevaT. V.

Кудрявцева Татьяна Васильевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии

Санкт-Петербург

Tatyana V. Kudryavtseva, DMD, PhD, DSc, professor, department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology

Saint Petersburg

prof.kudryavtseva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1339-8738БерезкинаИ. В.BerezkinaI. V.

Березкина Ирина Викторовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии

Санкт-Петербург

Irina V. Berezkina, DMD, PhD, associate рrofessor, department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology

Saint Petersburg

ivberezkina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-3665ШадринаК. В.ShadrinaK. V.

Шадрина Кристина Вадимовна, ассистент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии

Санкт-Петербург

Kristina V. Shadrina, DMD, assistant professor, department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology

Saint Petersburg

Shadrina192@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8813-4577ПетровА. А.PetrovA. A.

Петров Александр Александрович, аспирант кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии

Санкт-Петербург

Alexander A. Petrov, DMD, PhD student, department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology

Saint Petersburg

paa_stom@mail.ruПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. ПавловаРоссияPavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2021170720212127687Copyright © Орехова Л.Ю., Кудрявцева Т.В., Березкина И.В., Шадрина К.В., Петров А.А., 20212021Орехова Л.Ю., Кудрявцева Т.В., Березкина И.В., Шадрина К.В., Петров А.А.Orekhova L.Y., Kudryavtseva T.V., Berezkina I.V., Shadrina K.V., Petrov A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/356

Актуальность. Учитывая высокую распространенность стоматологических заболеваний во всем мире и их кумулятивный процесс с раннего возраста, необходимы эффективные стратегии воздействия на здоровые привычки. Для выработки положительного отношения к гигиене полости рта у учащихся школам рекомендуется включать в учебную программу школьников образовательные программы по гигиене по лости рта. Цель – обзор эффективности введения в школьный учебный процесс программ, направленных на снижение уровня стоматологических заболеваний среди школьников.Материалы и методы. Выбранное направление исследования – программы, направленные на повышение стоматологического здоровья школьников. Рассматривались образовательные мероприятия по охране здоровья полости рта, проводимые специалистами-стоматологами, медсестрами или учителями в рамках школьных программ и лечебно-профилактические мероприятия у школьников 6-18 лет. Материалами служили публикации по заданной тематике на e-LIBRARY.ru в период с 1999 по 2021 год и на PubMed с 2016 по 2021 год. При отборе статей в обязательном порядке проводилось изучение полного текста статей для проверки степени соответствия исследований критериям приемлемости.Результаты. В базе e-LIBRARY.ru в соответствии с запросом по ключевым словам выявлено 76 публикаций, из них после удаления повторных и не соответствующих критериям отбора было оставлено семь статей. Снижение кариеса показано в четырех исследованиях, повышение гигиены полости рта – в двух исследованиях. В базе данных PubMed в соответствии с запросом по ключевым словам найдены 419 публикаций. В анализ эффективности школьных стоматологических программ включены 12 статей. Повышение гигиены полости рта установлено в четырех исследованиях, снижение кариеса – в семи исследованиях, повышение стоматологических знаний и умения применять их на практике – в шести исследованиях.Выводы. По данным отечественных и зарубежных исследований образовательный компонент без подкрепления лечебно-профилактическими мероприятиями не эффективен для профилактики стоматологических заболеваний у школьников. Наряду с инструкциями и обучением практическим навыкам гигиены полости рта, у школьников необходимо использовать фторсодержащие зубные пасты, а наибольшую эффективность в группах риска имеет покрытие интактных зубов фторидными лаками и герметизация фиссур.

Relevance. The high prevalence of dental diseases worldwide and their cumulative process from an early age entail effective strategies for healthy habits promotion. Schools are recommended to include oral health education programs in the curricula to develop a positive attitude to oral hygiene among students. The aim was to review the effectiveness of implementing programs in the school curricula to reduce the dental disease level among schoolchildren.Materials and methods. The research chose programs aimed at improving the dental health of schoolchildren. We considered educational measures on oral health protection, carried out by dentists, nurses or teachers within school programs and curative and preventive measures for schoolchildren aged 6-18 years. We searched the publications on the given topic published between 1999 and 2021 in the database e-LIBRARY.ru and  between 2016 and 2021 in the PubMed database. When selecting articles, the full-text study was compulsory to check the article conformance degree to the inclusion criteria.Results. According to the keyword search, we found 76 publications in the database e-LIBRARY.ru. After the exclusion of duplicates and articles nonconforming to the selection criteria, the review included seven publications. Four studies revealed caries reduction, and two studies demonstrated the improvement of oral hygiene. In the PubMed database, 419 publications were found according to the keyword query. The analysis of the effectiveness of school dental programs included 12 articles. Four studies detected oral hygiene improvement, seven studies – caries reduction, and six studies – dental knowledge and skill improvement.Conclusions. According to Russian and international studies, education without curative and preventive measures isn't effective in dental disease prevention in schoolchildren. Along with instructions and training in practical oral hygiene skills, schoolchildren should use fluoride toothpaste. Fluoride varnish application and fissure sealing are the most effective measures in risk groups.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.