detstomСтоматология детского возраста и профилактикаPediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis1683-30311726-7218RPA10.25636/PMP.3.2018.3.12detstom-156Research ArticleЧЕЛЮСТНО-ЛИЦЕВАЯ ХИРУРГИЯЗубочелюстные аномалии у детей со специальными потребностями в республике МолдоваПоштаруК. .noemail@neicon.ruУнкуцаД. .noemail@neicon.ruПостниковМ. А.noemail@neicon.ruПанкратоваН. В.noemail@neicon.ruГУМФ им. Н. ТестемицануRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО СамГМУ Минздрава РФRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО МГМСУ им. А. И. Евдокимова Минздрава РФRussian Federation2018040220201836268Copyright © Поштару К..., Ункуца Д..., Постников М.А., Панкратова Н.В., 20202020Поштару К..., Ункуца Д..., Постников М.А., Панкратова Н.В.Поштару К..., Ункуца Д..., Постников М.А., Панкратова Н.В.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/156

Проведено исследование по выявлению частоты зубочелюстных аномалий в трех направлениях у детей с особыми потребностями в Республике Молдова. Обследованы 2157 детей с особыми потребностями (локомоторными, нарушением слуха, нарушением зрения и т. д.) в возрасте от 7 до 15 лет в различных школах-интернатах в Республике Молдова. Сагиттальные зубочелюстные аномалии были связаны в 9,75% случаях с нарушениями слуха, в 14,8% случаях — с нарушениями зрения и у 18,33% обследованных — с локомоторными расстройствами. Зубочелюстные аномалии как в вертикальном, так и в трансверсальном направлениях чаще встречались у детей с локомоторными расстройствами — у 32,22% и 24,44% случаях соответственно. Пациенты мужского пола с особыми потребностями и зубочелюстными аномалиями варьировали от 58,80% до 63,89% случаев, а женского — от 36,11% до 41,24% случаев. 44,9% пациентов, включенных в исследовательскую группу, были старше 12 лет. Было выявлено, что локомоторные расстройства, нарушения слуха и зрения могут рассматриваться как зависимые предикторы и факторы риска у детей с зубочелюстными аномалиями. Пациенты с особыми потребностями могут переносить большинство мобильных или стационарных устройств, поэтому применение таких методов лечения, как поддержание пространства, восстановление пространства, серийное извлечение приветствуется в комплексном лечении.

A study was conducted to identify the frequency of maxillofacial anomalies in three directions in children with special needs in the Moldova Republic. 2157 children with special needs (locomotor, hearing impairment, visual impairment, etc.) 7–15 years old in various boarding schools of Moldova Republic were examined. Sagittal maxillofacial anomalies were associated with hearing impairment in 9.75% of cases, with visual impairment in 14.8% of cases and with locomotor disorders in 18.33% of examined patients. Maxillofacial anomalies both in vertical and transversal directions were more frequent in children with locomotor disorders (in 32.22% and 24.44% of cases). Male patients with special needs and maxillofacial anomalies varied from 58.80% to 63.89% of cases and female patients — from 36.11% to 41.24% of cases. 44.9% of patients included in the study group were over 12 years old. It was found that locomotor disorders, hearing and vision impairment can be considered as dependent predictors and risk factors in children with maxillofacial anomalies. Patients with special needs can carry most mobile or stationary devices, so the use of treatment methods such as space maintenance, recovery of space and serial extraction is welcomed in complex treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.