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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detstom</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RPA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3031-2026-1013</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detstom-1013</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ взаимосвязи между зубочелюстными аномалиями и показателями здоровья полости рта у детей в Китае</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malocclusion and oral health indicators among children in China: a cross-sectional study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4047-0800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скакодуб</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skakodub</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скакодуб Алла Анатольевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры ортодонтии и профилактики стоматологических заболеваний Института стоматологии имени Е. В. Боровского</p><p>121059, улица Можайский Вал, 11, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla A. Skakodub, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of the Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Borovsky Institute of Dentistry</p><p>11 Mozhaysky Val Street, Moscow, 121059</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skakodub_a_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8047-2045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цзэн</surname><given-names>Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zeng</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цзэн Жуйцзе, аспирант кафедры ортодонтии и профилактики стоматологических заболеваний Института стоматологии имени Е. В. Боровского</p><p>Москва, Российская Федерация; Ланьчжоу, Китай</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruijie Zeng, DMD, PhD student, Department of the Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Borovsky Institute of Dentistry</p><p>Moscow, Russian Federation; Lanzhou, China</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zengruijie0101111@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4737-0629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цзинь</surname><given-names>И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jin</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цзинь Ияо, аспирант кафедры ортодонтии и профилактики стоматологических заболеваний Института стоматологии имени Е. В. Боровского</p><p>Москва, Российская Федерация; Корла, Китай</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yiyao Jin, DMD, PhD student, Department of the Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Borovsky Institute of Dentistry</p><p>Moscow, Russian Federation; Korla, China</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jinyiyao111@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2932-168X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дыбов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dybov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дыбов Андрей Михайлович, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой ортодонтии и профилактики стоматологических заболеваний Института стоматологии имени Е. В. Боровского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey M. Dybov, DMD, PhD, DSc, Docent, Head of the Department of Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Borovsky Institute of Dentistry</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AMDybov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова  (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова  (Сеченовский Университет); Стоматологическая клиника Ма Пэншэн</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Ma Pengsheng Dental Clinic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова  (Сеченовский Университет); Стоматологическая клиника Цинлян</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Qingliang Dental Clinic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Принято в печать</issue-title><elocation-id>1013</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скакодуб А.А., Цзэн Ж., Цзинь И., Дыбов А.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скакодуб А.А., Цзэн Ж., Цзинь И., Дыбов А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skakodub A.A., Zeng R., Jin Y., Dybov A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/1013">https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/1013</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Зубочелюстные аномалии – одна из основных стоматологических патологий у детей, ухудшающая гигиену рта и повышающая риск кариеса и гингивита. На сегодняшний день в Китае встречается незначительное количество эпидемиологических стоматологических обследований, проведенных в центральных и западных районах, в основном исследования проведены в восточных регионах и прибрежных районах. Это требовало проведения обследований детей в центрально-западных районах Китая, оценивающих взаимосвязь аномалий, кариеса и гингивита у подростков 12–17 лет. Наше стоматологическое обследование подростков в этом регионе с использованием индексов OHI-S, PLI, GI, PMA, КПУ и многофакторного анализа восполняет этот пробел. Цель – систематическое сравнение показателей гигиены полости рта, показателей кариеса и состояния здоровья десен у детей с зубочелюстными аномалиями и детей с нормальной окклюзией путем установления контрольной группы и стандартизированной оценки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поперечное исследование 75 детей (60 – с зубочелюстными аномалиями, 15 – с нормоокклюзией). оценивали степень тяжести гингивита и интенсивность кариеса с помощью индексов OHI-S, КПУ (DMFT), GI, PMA. Статистический анализ выполнен в SPSS 25.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Группа с зубочелюстными аномалиями имела достоверно более высокие показатели гигиены полости рта (OHI-S: 2,80 ± 0,11 vs 1,60 ± 0,13), интенсивности кариеса (КПУ: 4,20 ± 0,27 vs 1,80 ± 0,31), а также воспалительных изменений десны (GI: 1,80 ± 0,08 vs 1,0 ± 0,1 и PMA: 25,60 ± 1,07 vs 12,40 ± 1,32); различия сохранялись после корректировки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Зубочелюстные аномалии являются независимым фактором риска кариеса и гингивита, главным образом из-за затрудненной гигиены полости рта, которая возникает при скученности зубов. В связи с этим необходимы ранняя диагностика и лечение таких аномалий, а также проведение персональной гигиенической инструкции для пациентов с зубочелюстными аномалиями и регулярное стоматологическое наблюдение за этими пациентами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Malocclusion is one of the most common oral health conditions affecting children; it can make effective oral hygiene more difficult and increase the risk of dental caries and gingivitis. To date, relatively few epidemiological oral health surveys have been conducted in central and western China; most studies have focused on eastern and coastal regions. This geographical imbalance highlighted the need to survey adolescents aged 12–17 years in central and western China and examine the relationship of malocclusion with dental caries and gingivitis. Our dental survey of adolescents in this region, which included assessment using the OHI-S, PLI, GI, PMA, and DMFT indices as well as multivariable analysis, was designed to address this gap. The aim was to systematically compare oral hygiene status, caries experience, and gingival health between adolescents with malocclusion and their peers with normal occlusion, who served as the control group, using standardized assessment methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This cross-sectional study included 75 children (60 with malocclusion and 15 with normal occlusion). Oral hygiene, caries experience, and gingivitis severity were assessed using the OHI-S, DMFT, GI, and PMA indices. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The malocclusion group had significantly poorer oral hygiene (OHI-S: 2.80 ± 0.11 vs 1.60 ± 0.13), greater caries experience (DMFT: 4.20 ± 0.27 vs 1.80 ± 0.31), and more pronounced gingival inflammation (GI: 1.80 ± 0.08 vs 1.0 ± 0.1; PMA: 25.60 ± 1.07 vs 12.40 ± 1.32); these differences remained significant after adjustment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Malocclusion is an independent risk factor for dental caries and gingivitis, primarily owing to impaired oral hygiene associated with dental crowding. These findings underscore the need for early diagnosis and treatment of malocclusion, individualized oral hygiene instruction, and regular dental follow-up for affected patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зубочелюстные аномалии</kwd><kwd>кариес</kwd><kwd>гингивит</kwd><kwd>индекс гигиены полости рта</kwd><kwd>классификация Энгля</kwd><kwd>стоматологическое здоровье детей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>malocclusion</kwd><kwd>dental caries</kwd><kwd>gingivitis</kwd><kwd>oral hygiene index</kwd><kwd>Angle classification</kwd><kwd>children’s oral health</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tariq R, Khan MT, Afaq A, Tariq S, Tariq Y, Khan SS. Malocclusion: Prevalence and Determinants among Adolescents of Karachi, Pakistan. 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