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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detstom</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RPA</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3031-2026-1001</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detstom-1001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование несъемных аппаратов для нормализации размеров верхней челюсти в периоде раннего сменного прикуса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fixed orthodontic appliances for maxillary expansion in early mixed dentition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4333-5735</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косырева</surname><given-names>Т. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosyreva</surname><given-names>T. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Косырева Тамара Федоровна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии.</p><p>17198, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara F. Kosyreva - DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Departement of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.kosyreva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-4119</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарави</surname><given-names>А.М.М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gharavi</surname><given-names>A.M.M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарави Альхамза Мохсин Мохаммед - аспирант кафедры стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alhamza Mohsin Mohammed Garawi - DMD, PhD student, Department of the Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Medical Institute.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alhamza.m@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5374-1932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воскресенская</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voskresenskaya</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воскресенская Дария Леонидовна - аспирант кафедры стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria L. Voskresenskaya - DMD, PhD student, Department of the Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Medical Institute.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1042250075@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Косырева Т.Ф., Гарави А., Воскресенская Д.Л., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Косырева Т.Ф., Гарави А., Воскресенская Д.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosyreva T.F., Gharavi A., Voskresenskaya D.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/1001">https://www.detstom.ru/jour/article/view/1001</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Большинство существующих в настоящее время несъемных ортодонтических методик профилактики и лечения аномалий окклюзии в раннем сменном прикусе мало применяются на практике.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Нами были проанализированы три группы пациентов с недоразвитием верхней челюсти в возрасте 7-9 лет, которые лечились несъемными аппаратами. Каждая группа включала по 10 пациентов, среди них было 15 пациентов мужского пола и 15 – женского пола. Все пациенты ранее не лечились у ортодонта, не имели краниофациальных синдромов, но имели перекрестный прикус в области боковых зубов за счет недоразвития верхней челюсти. Пациенты носили аппарат 6-12 месяцев. После этого аппарат использовался как ретенционный в течение 4 месяцев.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В первой группе пациенты носили аппараты Haas и Marco Rosa, во второй группе – частичную брекет-систему 2 х 2, 2 х 4, 2 х 6, в третьей – экспандер с винтом Hyrax. Расширяющие аппараты для пациентов первой и третьей группы изготавливались индивидуально в лабораторных условиях. Винт раскручивался в домашних условиях на 1/4 оборота два раза в день утром и вечером в течение 5 дней (Т1 до лечения), далее один раз в день в течение 15 дней, затем винт активировали на 1/4 оборота через 5 дней в течение 6-8 месяцев до полного расширения (Т2).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Все аппараты показали эффективное расширение верхнего зубного ряда. Частичная брекет-система помимо расширения способствовала удлинению и нормализации положения резцов в более короткие сроки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Fixed orthodontic appliances for the prevention and treatment of malocclusion during the early mixed dentition remain underused in clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Three groups of patients aged 7 to 9 years with maxillary underdevelopment were analyzed. All patients were treated with fixed appliances. Each group included 10 patients; the total sample comprised 15 boys and 15 girls. None of the patients had previously received orthodontic treatment or had craniofacial syndromes. All patients presented with posterior crossbite associated with maxillary deficiency. The appliances were worn for 6 to 12 months, followed by a 4-month retention period.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the first group, patients were treated with a Haas-type rapid maxillary expander and a Marco Rosa–type expander; in the second group, with 2 × 2, 2 × 4, and 2 × 6 partial fixed appliances; and in the third group, with a Hyrax-type rapid maxillary expander. The appliances used in the first and third groups were custom-fabricated in the laboratory. The expansion screw was activated at home by one-quarter turn twice daily, in the morning and evening, for 5 days, then once daily for 15 days, and thereafter by one-quarter turn every 5 days for 6 to 8 months until the desired expansion was achieved. Treatment outcomes were assessed before treatment and after expansion.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. All appliances provided effective maxillary arch expansion. In addition to expansion, the partial fixed appliance also promoted arch lengthening and normalization of incisor position within a shorter treatment period.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ранний сменный прикус</kwd><kwd>несъемные расширяющие аппараты с винтом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>early mixed dentition</kwd><kwd>fixed orthodontic appliances</kwd><kwd>fixed jackscrew expanders</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии внешнего финансирования при проведении исследования. Индивидуальные благодарности для декларирования отсутствуют</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors declare that there was no external funding for the study. 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